Wargaming the French Imperial Garde

French First Army at (fictional) battle of Hildesheim

I suspect that most, if not all, Napoleonic wargamers have at least one unit of French Garde, probably Old Guard grenadiers. I also suspect that most struggle to actually have a wargame with them. Their historical role was to form a strategic and tactical reserve under Napoleon’s personal command. They consisted of the best soldiers in his army, and were too valuable to risk in battle.

When I created my 1813 campaign my aim was to wargame with ALL of my model soldiers and use all of my scenery. This meant I had to find a role for both Napoleon and his Imerial Garde.

My Napoleonic order of battle consists of five Army Groups. There is one allied and one French in north Germany, Central Germany, Southern Germany, Northern Spain and Southern Spain.

Each army group has three armies. Each army has three corps. Each corps has 4 infantry and 1 cavalry brigades, plus corps artillery. There are 45 French corps, of which one is Old Guard and four are Young Guard. Each army group has one Guard corps. The Old Guard corps is part of First French army, which is commanded by Napoleon.

                                                   1st French (Old Guard) corps

1 Guard Grenadier brigade CA FB SC

2 Guard Grenadier brigade CB FB SC

3 Guard Chasseur brigade CB FC SB

4 Guard Chasseur brigade CB FC SB

1 Horse chasseur brigade CA Light

2 Guard foot artillery CB 12 pounder

C(lass) is morale, F(ire) is musket fire, S(kirmish) is skirmish ability
A is excellent and plus 1, B is average, C is poor and minus 1)

 

2nd French line corps

25 infantry brigade CA FB SB

26 infantry brigade CB FC SB

27 infantry brigade CC FC SB

28 infantry brigade CC FC SC

2 cavalry brigade CB dragoons

3 foot artillery CB 9 pounder

2nd and 3rd French corps have similar orders of battle

The Old Guard corps has slightly better morale than other corps.
Their musket fire is less effective than other corps
Grenadiers have poor skirmish ability, Chasseurs are average.

Each of the other corps in First Army have slightly lower morale
Their musket fire is less effective than other corps
Their skirmish ability is average because they are French troops.

You will see that the Old Guard brigades are only slightly better than other brigades
And the brigades of the other two armies are slightly worse than other armies

Each battle/wargame is decided by who wins at least two of three objectives.
Each objective is held, and attacked, by one corps
So at best the Old Guard brigade has a slightly better chance to taking the objective
But this is balanced by the other two corps having a slightly worse chance.

The explanation has proved more difficult than I anticipated, but I hope it makes sense. It is much more simple on the wargames table, where even the Old Guard grenadiers can be defeated by a Prussian landwehr brigade, if the dice is favourable to the Prussian player.